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SGS Inspire Newsletter Montag, 20. Januar 2020 - 15:28

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SGS INSPIRE NEWSLETTER

Welcome to the newsletter of SGS INSPIRE, the newsletter that keeps you informed about the latest global developments in fuel quality. Read our detailed update from the world's regions.

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GLOBAL

SGS INSPIRE reviewed octane rating and octane boosters used globally. Hydrocarbons continue playing the main role in the countries where there are difficulties to reduce sulfur, and metallic additives in the countries with difficulties to afford ethers. Bioethanol is an important booster in the United States, South America and increasingly in Europe. In the CIS region, the ethers MTBE and TAME are the main octane boosters where gasoline sulfur content is below 10 ppm.

At the end of 2019, we reviewed the major developments expected to take place in 2020. Sulfur reduction and tighter exhaust emissions remain the most important tasks in most of the developing countries, followed by a global increasing biofuel usage - except in Africa.

Specification Database

We updated fuel quality requirements from the following countries and territories in our global fuel quality specification database, which now contains more than 3,300 entries: Algeria (marine fuel), Angola (aviation gasoline, fuel oil, jet fuel, kerosene, marine fuel), Austria (LNG), Benin (fuel oil, jet fuel, kerosene, LPG), Burundi (gasoline, marine fuel), Cameroon (fuel oil, jet fuel, kerosene, marine gas turbine fuel, marine fuel), Cape Verde (fuel oil, kerosene, LPG), Central African Republic (fuel oil, jet fuel, kerosene), Chad (fuel oil, jet fuel, kerosene), Chile (fuel oil, kerosene), Colombia (diesel, gasoline, LPG, ethanol, ethanol blend, biodiesel, paraffinic diesel), Czech Republic (LNG), Equatorial Guinea (fuel oil, jet fuel, kerosene), Ethiopia (fuel oil, kerosene, aviation gasoline, aviation turbine fuel, gas turbine fuel oil, marine fuel), European Union (LNG voluntary), France (LNG), Gabon (kerosene), Georgia (diesel), Germany (LNG), Ghana (kerosene), Global (kerosene, marine fuel), Guinea (fuel oil, kerosene, LPG), Indonesia (gasoline, biodiesel), Italy (LNG), Kenya (hydrogen, industrial diesel oil, kerosene, marine fuel), Madagascar (fuel oil, kerosene, LPG), Malawi (gasoline, marine gas turbine fuel), Mali (ethanol, biodiesel, biooil), Mauritania (diesel, gasoline, fuel oil, kerosene), Mauritius (gasoline, ethanol, kerosene), Nepal (diesel, gasoline), New Caledonia (diesel), Poland (LNG), Senegal (LPG), Tunisia (fuel oil, jet fuel, kerosene, LPG), Uganda (diesel, gasoline, kerosene, marine fuel, marine gas turbine fuel), United States (gasoline mandatory in Alaska, gasoline voluntary in Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida and Georgia), Zimbabwe (marine fuel).

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EUROPE

In December 2019, the European Commission published an action plan for the next four years, where it highlighted the priorities related to CO2 and exhaust emission reduction from the transportation sector in the European Union (EU). The inclusion of transportation in the Emission Trading Scheme and CO2 tax have been listed as the main measures to be worked on.

SGS INSPIRE published an outlook for Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) demand until 2030 and 2050. We forecast a decrease in LPG demand by the transportation sector in all the countries including Turkey which has the lowest LPG decrease rate. We also reviewed the policy and economic factors affecting LPG usage in the EU and selected non-EU countries.

Turkey is the only country from the G20 group that has not ratified the Paris Agreement under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. We took a closer look at its energy and climate policy and concluded that they do not contain binding measures to reduce GHG emissions. The legislative requirements for vehicles are aligned with the EU requirements in terms of exhaust emissions. Turkey has not introduced CO2 standards for vehicles. Lower excise duty on LPG is the main factor that drives LPG demand, however, not for long as the car fleet is being dieselized.

Upcoming

Overview of fuel quality requirements in Turkey and an outlook for hydrotreated vegetable oil demand in the EU. We will also start the overview of climate- and energy-related targets for transportation in the EU member states.

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CIS

Generally good gasoline quality has been observed in Belarus, while freezing of diesel has been observed in colder months, which is alarming fact considering that diesel cars are preferred to gasoline ones, as described in Belarus' country profile.

In August 2019, Kyrgyzstan limited sulfur limit for gasoline and diesel to 50 ppm. While gasoline could generally comply with the limit, it will be harder to ensure it in the case of diesel due to cheap imports of high sulfur diesel. Since January 2018, Kyrgyzstan should have implemented Euro 5 exhaust emission standard for vehicles, however, the legislation is still in the approval process.

By the end of 2020, Azerbaijan plans to finish upgrading its local refinery that would allow selling gasoline and diesel with a maximum sulfur content of 10 ppm. In 2021, the Azerbaijani government plans on revising its exhaust emission standard for vehicles to a higher level

Upcoming

Review of Russia's country profile for gasoline, diesel and vehicles.

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NORTH AMERICA

In early December, New York State published a notice to adopt new regulations aimed at easing the (voluntary) adoption of E15 ethanol blends, following a decision by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to grant E15 a partial waiver earlier in the year. That same notice also stated the government's intent to update the ASTM standard applicable for diesel quality within the state.

Meanwhile, results from SGS's survey of summer-grade E15 quality in the United States (mostly conducted in states in the South and Midwest) showed some improvement in ethanol content compliance viz. last year's summer survey.

A flurry of yearend legislative and regulatory activity saw the U.S. Congress pass a resumption of the biodiesel and renewable diesel tax credits, retroactive to December 31, 2017 and lasting until December 31, 2022 (renewable diesel production and consumption gained significant traction in 2019, thanks, in no small part, to California's Low Carbon Fuel Standard). Additionally, the EPA published a final rule establishing the Renewable Fuel Volume Obligations (RVOs) for 2020 under the federal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS). Nonetheless, legal challenges over provisions of the RFS (e.g. the EPA's interpretation of the RFS statute's "point of obligation" and the agency's decisions on small refinery exemptions) continued.

Upcoming

Review of attained gasoline quality under EPA Tier 3 standards in 2019, analysis of obligated parties' compliance with 2019 RVOs, overview of trends in U.S. refineries' capacity utilization and refined product yields last year.

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SOUTH AND CENTRAL AMERICA

The new Argentinean government increased export duties on soybean, soy oil and biodiesel as of December 2019.

Argentina diesel grade 2 in highly populated areas contains 800 ppm sulfur since January 1, 2020, and specifications for diesel 2 for both highly and low populated areas, will be unified to allow for maximum limit of sulfur at 350 ppm by January 1, 2024. Argentina has in place Euro 5 vehicle exhaust emissions.

Colombia published a proposal to improve sulfur quality in gasoline up to 50 ppm in 2021 and 10 ppm in 2026-2030

Upcoming

Colombia overview of diesel quality and vehicle emissions, and Chile overview of gasoline quality.

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ASIA OCEANIA

Malaysia is expected to start B20 implementation from Langkawi in Q1 2020 followed by Labuan, Sarawak, Sabah and Peninsular Malaysia, aiming to cover nationwide by end of 2020.

Kuwait is on track to switch to ultra-low sulfur fuels from April 2020 joining the UAE which had switched in 2017. Other countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council are expected to switch in 2022/2023.

After the successful B30 trial, Indonesia's nationwide B30 trial started from end of November 2019. Furthermore, the Indonesian government aims to revise its biodiesel mandate, may increase to B40 in 2021/2022 from the current B30.

Upcoming

The Republic of Korea (South Korea) overview of gasoline quality.

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AFRICA

In Egypt, a new refinery commissioned early in 2019 started producing 10 ppm fuels, mainly diesel, representing 20% of Egypt's current diesel import needs.

Gasoline and diesel quality requirements and actual quality are quite diverse among Northern African countries, as detailed in our regional profiles. We also published an overview of the vehicles market and exhaust emission requirements in Northern Africa.

Upcoming

Overview of gasoline quality in East Africa.

SGS INSPIRE

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